“You support us at every stage, spend your time and energy, pay attention and give care. I cannot put into words how grateful I am.”

Heat-related deaths worldwide have increased by about 68% since the beginning of the millennium, according to data comparing 2000-04 to 2017-21, when the issue was made worse by Covid-19. Extreme heat was linked to 98 million cases of hunger worldwide. In the U.S., heat-related deaths for people over age 65 are estimated to have increased by about 74% during that same time period.

After flooding left one-third of Pakistan underwater and killed thousands, the nation is among those calling for climate reparations — a topic sure to surface during the global climate talks.