russellsynnot
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Chemical Industry - The Backbone of Agricultural Development
Over very long time, human meals and clothing depended primarily on agriculture. While ever because the historical time, agriculture had always relied on a lot of human labor, which was subject to numerous kinds of natural conditions. So the development of agriculture was very slow. Throughout the 19th century, the usage of agricultural machinery gradually improved the working conditions. Nonetheless, in agricultural production, it was the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that really increased the agricultural output in per unit area.
Follow shows that, among all the measures to extend the agricultural production, the function performed by chemical fertilizers is forty% to 65%. On the premise of the booming within the petrochemical trade, artificial ammonia and urea have realized large-scale production, which makes the output of chemical fertilizer occupy a big proportion in the chemical products. In 1985, the total output of chemical fertilizer in the world amounted to approximately 140 million ton, which made it become one of the bulk chemical products. In recent years, the development of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and hint parts fertilizer has additional meet the calls for of different soil constructions and different crops.
In the early period, people used natural animals, plants and minerals to prevent and deal with crop pests and diseases. Until the late nineteenth century, after the formation of modern chemical trade, folks started to use arsenic preparation to kill beetles on potato, and use Bordeaux combination to stop and deal with downy mildew on grapes, so that agriculture began a new period of chemical prevention and treatment. In the course of the Forties, plenty of pesticides and herbicides, resembling natural chlorine, organic phosphorus, have been produced and widely utilized in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and public health. However, a number of the pesticides during this period had been rich in residues or poison, which caused ecological pollution, so they had been banned by many countries.
In recent times, a number of efficient, low-residue, low-poisonousity pesticides have been developed, including pyrethroid, which is a bionic pesticide and will not pollute the environment. It has been put into industrial production. Because of this, bio-pesticides have change into essentially the most active areas in pesticide research currently.
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